Data for "Fluid mud impacts on estuarine sediment import"
Wat erin zit
The accumulation of suspended fine sediment in hyperturbid estuaries poses significant ecological and navigational challenges, while the exact mechanisms of sediment transport under hyperturbidity remain poorly understood. Using a custom-made measurement frame, we present high-resolution observations of flow and sediment dynamics from the hyperturbid Emden Fairway in the Ems Estuary to analyze these mechanisms. Our results reveal a seasonal, river discharge-driven migration of the fluid mud front that fundamentally alters the net sediment transport regime. During winter, when high discharge takes place, the presence of fluid mud implies strong near-bed stratification and a pronounced two-layer estuarine circulation. Within the near-bed layer, massive landward sediment fluxes occur under these conditions, synergistically driven by Eulerian residual flow and tidal pumping. Conversely, during summer and low discharge, the fluid mud layer retreats upstream, the residual flow near the bed turns seaward, and the net landward sediment transport weakens in response to sediment entrainment asymmetry. Our findings strongly indicate that fluid mud acts as an active hydrodynamic regulator …
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